Shoaiba Mansoor


About Me

My Profession:
I am Shoaiba Mansoor, Research Officer (Chemistry) at National Institute of Science and technical Education Islamabad. I am an in-service teacher trainer. I trained science teachers of public sector at National level. I coordinate Science Teachers training Programs for Secondary and Elementary level teachers from all over the country particularly focusing on teachers of FATA, KPK, Azad Jammu Kashmir and Gilgit Baltistan. I design teacher training program and give session on pedagogy, Chemistry content, Science Activities by TEAM (teaching through easily available material) and conduct lesson study and teaching practice for the trainee teachers in order to polish their interpersonal skills.

Province:
I belong to Punjab province. Punjab means the land of five rivers, a richly populated area covering 51.6% of total country’s population. The main languages are Urdu, Punjabi, Saraiki and the dialects of Potowari. Lahore is the capital city of Punjab. Punjab is very rich in culture and has a great history. Punjab is the most developed and educated province of Pakistan. Major profession here is agriculture but now the trend is changing and the people are realizing the importance of Education. The weather of Punjab is mostly hot and it experiences long hot in summers but in monsoon seasons temperatures drop with plenty of rains especially in northern Punjab.







Family:
My family comprises of my loving parents, four brothers and one sister. I am second number in my siblings.


Personal Interests:



I like cooking, watching TV, movies and love shopping. I have an adventurous nature and I am fond of exploring new places, trying different food, interacting with people of different culture etc. 



Goals for the future:

To continue my professional development in order to be a more capable teacher trainer who can refine the Capacity building of in-service trainee teachers.  

Institutional Description:

I worked in National Institute of Science and Technical Education, Islamabad. It is located in a beautiful and calm sector of Islamabad; in H-8/1.It’s an in-service teacher training Institute at national level. Teachers from all over the country particularly FATA, FANA, GB and AJK come for training here. We train teachers in the area of pedagogy, content up gradation, Information, communication and technology and teaching practices.
Needs of My Educational Institution:I am associated with a public sector teacher’s training institute which has its own mechanism for capacity building of government science teachers and is fully equipped and funded by Ministry of Capital Administration and Development. Since my institution is well funded I plan to implement a project that starts on a grass root level by planning Capacity building of a deprived Private school in my native town, Sargodha. The school which I have selected has very limited resources and most of the teachers are untrained with no  professional education. I will focus on the Primary level teachers training which is a real need of the school.







Knowledge and Skills to be implemented in Pakistan:


Master Action Plan:


Theme:  Teacher’s Training on Professional Development at Primary Level


Goal:


 My goal is to train the primary teachers of a deprived school on pedagogy.

Objectives:

·         Bring change in attitude of primary school teachers from conventional teaching to activity based teaching.

·         Give awareness about some important teaching techniques like Lesson Study, activity based learning, use of audio visual aids.

·         How to maintain friendly classroom environment for effective learning.

·         Improve their interpersonal skills and motivate them for effective teaching.

·         How to actively engage students in the class.

·         How to assess the students (test item and rubric development)


 Procedure:

I will meet the principal of a public school teacher in my native town, Sargodha. I will discuss her about the importance of capacity building of teachers and try to convince her that the work efficiency of her school teachers would increase after Professional development and teacher will perform better after training. I will plan the workshop in the summer vacations. I will discuss the training schedule with her and told her that it would not disturb her routine school program. I will conduct a “Five” (05) days training workshop for the Primary teachers. Four sessions, each of 01 hour will be held daily. Training Methodology will be based upon Activity based teaching, Lecture Method, Demonstration, and Brainstorming. Sessions will be delivered through Power Point Presentations on Multimedia. I will develop manual (teaching guides) for them.


Day-wise break-up is as under:


Day 1:

Objective:

·         To aware the teachers about the importance of teacher training

·         To prepare and motivate the teachers for learning  

·         Assess the caliber/knowledge and skills of teachers  

Procedure:

·         Orientation Session/Ice breaking

In order to mentally prepare the teachers for capacity building.

·         Discussion on training design/module, importance of Professional teacher training in order to mate the new upcoming challenges.

·         Introduction to activity Based Learning(i)

The trainer will orient the trainees with activity based teaching method, its simplicity and the significance. The teacher will explain how science activities can be done by using everyday life materials without laboratory equipment in the deprived and less privileged areas.

Materials: different colored Charts, Writing board, permanent and board Marker, Multimedia

Formative Assessment:

I will develop a pre-test (Questionnaire of Multiple Choice Questions) based upon the content of training and ask the teacher to answer. In this way I can assess their knowledge about the different techniques.

Day 2:

Objective:

·         Awareness raising about the basics of Pedagogy and classroom teaching

Procedure:

·         Session on teaching methods and techniques

A brief introduction about the different teaching methods like brainstorming, Group work and cooperative learning would be done. The teachers will apply different methods to teach different subjects.

·         Motivational Techniques

Trainees will learn about the motivation and types of motivation, motivation and needs, how to create a positive learning environment using motivation. The teachers will use methodology of “Think, Pair and Share” inspired by the session of Christie Sweeney.

·         Session on Effective use of audio visual aids

Session focuses on what are audio visual aids, significance of audio visual aids in education, selection and effective use of audio visual aids.

Materials: different colored Charts, Writing board, permanent and board Marker, Multimedia

Day 3:

Objective:

·         Focus on “learning by doing” using TEAM (Teaching through easily available materials)

·         Improve practical skills of teachers   

·         Improve class room teaching frame by using lesson plans                         

Procedure:

·         Hands on practice/Demonstration of Activity Based Learning(ii)

The trainees will fabricate activity materials of their own under the facilitation of the trainer using the learning of previous session. (Student centered learning)

·         Lesson Planning

Trainees will learn about the lesson plan, significance of lesson planning, format/patterns of lesson plans. Afterwards the teachers will develop lesson plan of their own in group under the facilitation of trainer.

·         Introduction to Lesson study and peer teaching(LS1)

New techniques of Lesson study would be oriented which is based on activity based and student centered learning. The teacher will present a model lesson before the trainees teachers followed by discussion in which positive aspects of lesson and the points to be improved.

Materials: Different colored Charts, Writing board, permanent and board Marker, Multimedia


Day 4:

Objective:

·         Give awareness about the classroom Observations/tools of assessment

·         Improve classroom lesson of teachers                 

Procedure:

·         Development of audio visual aids

The trainees will fabricate different audio visual aids (charts, models etc.)Under the facilitation of the trainer using the learning of previous session on the topics allotted by the trainer.

·         Orientation to assessment

What is assessment, types of assessment, assessment of learning and assessment for learning, how, what and when to asses?

·         Model Lesson Presentation By Trainee(LS2)

Trainee teachers will present lessons of their own on topic allotted by the trainer on the pattern of lesson study. The trainees will work in group to make lesson plan, presentation and then the facilitation for discussion on positive points and the points to be improved.

Materials: Different colored Charts, Writing board, permanent and board Marker, Multimedia


Day 5:

Objective: 

·         Practice on Test item development    

·          Wrap up session/Feedback and plan ahead

·         Post Test

   

Procedure:

·         Test item and rubric development

How to develop SMART test items for the assessment of students, development of worksheets, Questionnaire and checklists, etc.

·         Wrap up session/Feedback and plan ahead

The teachers will be asked to fill up the Performa about the Summative evaluation of the training program. The trainee would be encouraged to give feedback about the effectiveness of the training program.

·         Post Test

Post test will be held to evaluate the learning of the teachers.

Materials: different colored Charts, Writing board, permanent and board Marker, Multimedia

Summative Evaluation:

The same test will be conducted for the evaluation of trainee teachers and then the result of both Pre and post-test will be analyzed in order to check learning of teachers and effectiveness of the training workshop.

On the other hand, formative assessment via class room observation, relevant worksheets and reflection session will be done on daily basis.


* Training would be observed by Principal and experienced resource person with diverse        exposure would be invited for some sessions.

*Pictures and videos of the training would be recorded.


Budget Allocation:

Materials:


Items 

Expenditure 

Charts 

  10$

Markers

  10$

Papers 

  10$

Handouts 

  10$
Photocopies 

  10$

Renting Multimedia for 01 Day        20$

Renting Multimedia for 05 Days      100$

Manual Development                    100$


TA/DA:

TA/DA for 02 Resource Persons     100$

TA/DA for trainee teachers            200$


Refreshment for 05 Days:

             Tea                                                 10×5=50$  

             Snacks                                             20×5=100$


            Grand Total:

                                                                   720$


*Follow up of the training would be done once after 02 months. Assessment tool/checklist/rubric would be developed for the evaluation of teacher. It also includes Classroom Observation Peer Teachers Feedback and Principal’s Feedback

Teachers can also improve their classroom teaching via lesson study practice followed by discussion. Schedule of Lesson improvement would be given to the teachers and weakly one teacher will present her lesson. The cell numbers and addresses of teachers would also be recorded for further communication.


*Video and Photography will be used as an important tool for each component.




                   Reflections on Max Warburg courage




                           Courage is the state or quality of mind or spirit that enables a person to face difficulty, danger or pain, etc., without fear. Max courage institute encouraged me to face the troubles of life. MAX Warburg Courage Institute is based upon the courage of a mother and his 11 years old young boy who is no more with her. The way Max encountered a most difficult situation, actually changed my observation about problems. Max’s courage helped so many children of that period to get rid of that disease. I learnt that how painful and sorrowful incidents of life can be converted into a noble cause.


                            Another important aspect of Max Warburg institute is the training of teachers on how to incorporate curriculum in classrooms. In which teachers are oriented about the power of writing, and oriented with different methods to empower students to share their own stories. The students in this way can bring positive change in their community by sharing their experiences of life and the hurdles and achievements also with the other community members and companions. This will create motivation among passive and depressed people for their success.


                           Max Warburg institute encourages students to examine the many forms of courage in their own lives, in the lives of those around them, and in their communities. The idea of essay writing competition is wonderful. I would love to share with my colleagues and trainee teachers and that can also be initiated in Pakistan and we should encourage our students to participate in it. The students can share their experiences of life, their hurdles and achievements among themselves and also with the other community members. I will encourage my students to write their stories and share with other children around the world which is something that will motivate other students to write and share their stories in a chain process.

                              As a teacher we can also make a classroom safe place by making strong communication between teachers and parents to talk about student’s difficulties and issues. We can promote student centered learning and group discussions. We should allow students to share their ideas and feeling with teachers in a feel free environment.

WASHINGTON D.C. REFLECTION
                                           It was one of the most memorable visits of my life. It was really a wonderful day. Washington DC is the capital of united State and has special place in US. On June 24, 2013, we (19 PELI women, Project director; Blakeman Allan, and 04 project facilitators) moved for Washington DC. We left from Plymouth at dawn (06:30am) for Boston by Bus. We reached Boston at about 08:45am and check in to Logan airport. Here we took our breakfast and then we take off at 11:00 am. After a short flight of 01 hour, we landed on “Washington Reagon National Airport” and stayed in “Radisson Hotel” situated in the “Crystal City”. After, putting our luggage in the allotted rooms we left for exploring the D.C. We go through different shops at “Crystal City” and then we moved to “Kabob Palace” for lunch. The food there was awesome and according to our taste. Then we come back to hotel at 05:30pm. At about 07:00 pm we went for a “Trolley Tour- Monuments by Moon Light”. Through this, we got an opportunity to visit various “Monuments and Memorials” in Washington DC like Lincoln Memorial, Pentagon Memorial, White House, Einstein Memorial, Capitol Building, DC War Memorial, Washington Monument, Abraham Lincoln Memorial, Air Force Memorial, World War-II Monument, Thomas Jefferson Memorial and many more. These monuments realized me that Americans put lot of efforts for preservation of their leaders and culture. We come back to hotel at 11:00 pm. 




      
                                       
                                                 On the next day, we have a meeting with State Department. There we met “Brent Beemer”, Foreign Affairs Officer, Beauro of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Ms. Naila Qureshi, Learning Pathways representative also joined us there. It was a wonderful meeting there and we had a very productive discussion about the future plans and other auspicious opportunities as PELP Alumni. They also oriented us about different other programs funded by State Department in Pakistan.
                                               After meeting with state Department, we did lunch and then we went to see the “National Museum of Natural History”. It was really like a wonderland for us. We enjoyed there very much and photograph a lot. After museum we visit “Pentagon City” and did a little shopping as it was very expensive for us. Then we come back after doing dinner at our most favorite “Kabob Palace”.
             
                                          On June 26, we visited Russell Senate Office building of United States. I felt honored to be there as we have been treated as “VIPs”. It was a great privilege for us to visit the whole anterior of U.S. Senate. We passed through various galleries and saw different memorials like statue of freedom, sculptures of different leaders, portraits and “Senate Chamber”. We also watched a documentary about the history of America that was awesome. Then we proceed to “Senators Office” and met representatives of Plymouth Senator and made a wonderful discussion about both the culture and education of America
                                         Then finally, we left for airport at 3:30pm and after having 1 hour flight we reached back to Boston. Overall, it was a great learning and enjoyable experience for all of us. It is unforgettable journey of my life.


PELP Reflection

                                The Pakistani Education and Leader ship Project has widened my vision of professional development. Almost all the resource persons were wonderful but Christie Sweeney and Kim were outstanding. Christie Sweeney discussed about the professional development and pedagogical skills like jig-saw, peer share activity, poster making and gallery walk. I will try my level best to conduct such kind of interactive session in my country.

                                 Kim Sychterz shared about the integrated service learning based curriculum. It was also a student centered activity based session in which every group design their projects and combine different disciplines in a single topic which is later on followed by the presentations. It was an awesome experience which I would definitely share with my colleagues and trainee teachers.

                                Kathleen Norris on curriculum instruction and assessment was also wonderful that help us to understand about the curriculum and its standards it different states of United States.

                                Cecelia Gaffney on health literacy was also good. It would help me to orient my society about the environmental ethics and the ways to maintain healthy and friendly environment.

                                I learnt that how painful and sorrowful incidents of life can be converted into a noble cause. MAX Warburg Courage Institute is based upon the courage of a mother and his 11 years old young boy who is no more with her. I will use such kind of courage stories as source of motivation for my students.













MAP Final Report
!
Participant Name: Shoaiba Mansoor
Geographical Area: Islamabad
Master Action Plan: Teacher’s Training on Professional Development at Primary Level
!
Prepared By:
!
Document Owner(s)
Project Role
Beena Raza
Project Coordinator
Ibrahim Naeem
Project Assistant
MASTER ACTION PLAN- Final Report
PAKISTANI EDUCATION & LEADERSHIP PROJECT (PELP) 2013
Page | !3
PAKISTANI EDUCATION & LEADERSHIP PROJECT (PELP) 2013
!
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MAP ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................5
MAP FINAL REPORT TEMPLATE .................................................................................................5
MAP Details..............................................................................................................................5
MAP Timeline and Summary....................................................................................................6
MAP FINAL REPORT APPROVALS ..............................................................................................8 APPENDICES .................................................................................................................................9 Pictures ....................................................................................................................................9 Extra Information (Budget, Receipts etc.)...............................................................................11 Agenda, Workshop Participants, Attendance Sheets.............................................................16
!
MASTER ACTION PLAN- Final Report
Page | !4

1. MAP ABSTRACT
My Master action plan was about the capacity building of a lees privileged Private school in my native town, Sargodha. The school which I selected has very limited resources and most of the teachers were untrained without any professional education. So I planned to focus on the Primary level teachers training in pedagogy which is the real need of the time.
I conducted my MAP in a private school (Gulshan Model School,Suleman Pura, Kachi Basti, Sargodha) in my native town, Sargodha. For this purpose, I met the principal of the school and discussed her about the importance of capacity building of teachers and convinced her that the work efficiency of her school teachers would increase after Professional development and teacher will perform better after training. Then I planned the workshop in the winter vacations. I discussed the training schedule with the principal and told her that it would not disturb her routine school program. I conducted “Four” (04) days training workshop for the Primary teachers(28th Dec to 31st Dec 2013).I planned four sessions, each of 01 hour daily. Training Methodology will be based upon Activity based teaching, Lecture Method, Demonstration, Lesson Study and Brainstorming. I develop handouts, worksheets, Questionnaire and audio video aids for their facilitation.
!
2. 2.1.
MAP FINAL REPORT TEMPLATE MAP Details
Name of Participant:
!Master Action Plan:
Teacher’s Training on Professional Development at Primary Level
[Status of the Project]:
Successfully completed
o [MAP Description.]:


MASTER ACTION PLAN- Final Report
Shoaiba Mansoor
PAKISTANI EDUCATION & LEADERSHIP PROJECT (PELP) 2013
The Master action Plan was about the capacity development of a less privileged private school in pedagogy at primary level in a rural area of Sargodha(Punjab).A Four days workshop was planned for this purpose. The schedule and content of the program was discussed several times with the Principal school and PELP Alumni. A total of 19 teachers attended the workshop and actively participated in all the sessions. The training motivated the teachers for active student centred learning. The trainees were oriented with the basics of pedagogy like teaching methods and techniques; Lesson planning, Motivational Technique, Use of Audio Visual aids, Lesson Study and teaching practice. The effectiveness of the training program was assessed via Pre test and Post test. The participants took particular interest in developing the teaching learning material (teaching aids) and teaching practice. The teachers appreciated the training program and ask to repeat such programs for their continuous professional development.
o [Objectives of the MAP]:
! The main objectives of my MAP were:
Bring change in attitude of primary school teachers from conventional teaching to activity based teaching.
Give awareness about some important teaching techniques like Lesson Study, activity based learning, use of audio visual aids.
Page | !5
PAKISTANI EDUCATION & LEADERSHIP PROJECT (PELP) 2013
How to maintain friendly classroom environment for effective learning. Improve their interpersonal skills and motivate them for effective teaching. How to actively engage students in the class
[Budget Allocated]:
49,726
o [Project impact]:
Certain changes have been made in the training program on the basis of trainees needs assessment(Questionnaire has been filled in by the participants). These changes have mentioned in the implemented time table. More focus has been given on the development of teaching learning material/audio visual aids, teacher's lesson presentation and discussion on their lesson improvement as per theirs demand. Teaching practice and discussion in peer group improve their interpersonal skills and consequently raise their confidence.
[Issues Report—Any obstacles that need to be (or were) overcome for the MAP implementation]
Insufficient understanding of new teaching techniques such as Lesson Study among the trainee teachers. As most of the teacher hav’nt received any professional education/training and have less vision about the modern teaching techniques.
2.2. MAP Timeline and Summary
• • •

MAP Name: Teacher’s Training on Professional Development at Primary Level
Prepared By:
Shoaiba Mansoor
Date:
01/15/2014
Reporting Period: 12/28/2013 to 12/31/2013
Project Overall Status:
Successfully completed
Project Summary:
Four days training workshop was organized for the professional development of a private school teachers in a rural area of Sargodha. The training content include basic pedagogical skills, development of teaching learning resource material, Lesson study and teaching practice.19 teachers were trained in this training program.
MASTER ACTION PLAN- Final Report
Page | !6
MAP Objectives Planned and Achieved
MAP Objectives Status of Objectives
Bring change in attitude of primary school teachers from conventional teaching to activity based teaching.
Mostly achieved
Give awareness about some important teaching techniques like Lesson Study,
activity based learning, use of audio visual aids.
!
!
Mostly achieved
Improve interpersonal skills of untrained teachers and motivate them for effective
teaching.
Mostly achieved
How to actively engage
students in the class.
Will be observed in follow up visits.
Focus on student centered learning for effective classroom teaching. observed in follow up visits.
Will be
MAP Budget/Financial Status
Seed Money Spent Remaining
Total Rs.50,000 49,726 274
MAP Monitoring and Evaluation
Type of Monitoring Monitoring Impact Monitoring Costs Monitoring aids used (Visuals, sounds, surveys)
Qualitative Monitoring Quantitative Monitoring Medium
Low Formative and Summative assessment were conducted.
Follow up visits, once after 02 months.
Principal will also monitor the teacher’s lessons and facilitate Lesson Study conducted by teachers.


• • •
MAP Issue Management Status
Issue and Description Project Impact Target Due Date Issue Status Issue Resolution
Monitoring of Training program
Follow up visits are required for the monitoring to observe the performance of trainee teachers and in turn to evaluate the effectiveness of MAP. High 02/15/2014 Open As almost all the seed money has been spent in the MAP implementation so some supplementary grants would be required to arrange the follow up visits.
Recommendations/ Suggestions on MAP outcome:
As most of the trainee teachers don’t have any professional education/training background so the four days training program seems to be inadequate for their capacity building. It is suggested that if some training sessions(even 01 day workshop) is arranged periodically to refresh their skill it will keep them motivated and on the track.

MASTER ACTION PLAN- Final Report
PAKISTANI EDUCATION & LEADERSHIP PROJECT (PELP) 2013
Page | !7

!
3. MAP FINAL REPORT APPROVALS Prepared by Shoaiba Mansoor
!
Approved by Beena Raza
Project Coordinator
!
MASTER ACTION PLAN- Final Report
PAKISTANI EDUCATION & LEADERSHIP PROJECT (PELP) 2013
Key outcomes which could be potential factors in contributing towards long-term impacts:
Periodical refreshing courses including other less privileged schools of the area. Supplementary grant for follow up visits is required.








4.2. Extra Information (Budget, Receipts etc.)
Purchased Materials:
Items

Stationary(Charts, Markers, Papers, Training folders etc)
Photocopies and printing handouts Text Books of Grade 4 & 5
Report making/printing


TA/DA:
TA/DA for trainee teachers

Refreshment for 05 Days:
Tea Snacks

Grand Total:
MASTER ACTION PLAN- Final Report

Expenditure
Rs.14,715
Rs.5,691 Rs.7,640 Rs.3,000
Rs.16, 000
Rs. 1260 Rs. 1420
Rs. 49,726 


4.3. Agenda, Workshop Participants, Attendance Sheets


Pakistani Educational And Leadership Project
Teacher’s Training on Professional
Development at Primary Level
Implemented Time Table
(December 28th -------- December 31st 2013)


Day/ Date
Saturday 28-12-1
Sunday 29-12-13
Monday 30-12-13
Session I 9:00 – 09: 30
Teaching Techniques Methods & Skills
Lesson Planning
Session II 09:30 – 10:00
Continue
Fabrication of Charts
Session III 10:00 – 10:30
Trainees Need Assessment
Orientation to Group Work and Role Play
Introduction to Lesson study and peer teaching (LS1)

T e a B re a k / D is c u s si o n (1 0: 3 0 – 1 1: 0 0)

Session IV 11:00 – 12:00
Motivational Techniques
Effective use of audio visual aids
Model Lesson Presentation By Trainee(LS3)
Session V 12:00 – 01:00
Introduction Session and Orientation to training Session
Discussion On Training Design/ Program
Pre Test
Developm ent of audio visual aids
Discussion on Improvem ent of Lesson
Model Lesson Presentation By Trainee(LS2)
Discussion on Improvemen t of Lesson
Wrap up
session/ Feedback and plan ahead
Post Test
Continue
Tuesday 31-12-13




List Of Workshop Participants
1. Sadia Safdar
2. Waqar Un Nisa
3. Saiqa Nasir
4. Safeena Yasmeen 5. Rabia Waqar
6. Fatima Irfan
7. Anita Shoukat
8. Urooj Irfan
9. Asma
10.Sundas Shoukat 11.Nasima Mehar Dil 12.Anila
13.Shumaila 14.Sobia
15.Amna Riaz 16.Mahwish Aziz 17.Iqra
18.Hajra
19.Mahreen Manzour 


!LESSON PLAN Lesson: 35 minutes
Cover Page
: Unit 5. Matter and Changes in its States
Topic: 4. Process Involving Changes in the States of Matter (Melting and Freezing)
Objectives of the Lesson:
The students will be able to:
1.explain the change in the states of matter on the basis of the arrangement of particles.
2.demonstrate the process of melting and freezing.
Materials/Aids:
candle wax, beakers (02), tripod stand (01), wire gauze (01), spirit lamp (01), match box (01)
Previously Acquired Knowledge:
1.The students have already learnt that solids and liquids change their states on heating in the previous lesson of the unit.
2.The students are familiar with the processes of Melting and Freezing in their daily life.
Key Words:
melting, freezing, particles
Important Points for Facilitating SCIB Lesson:
1.The students will observe the process of change of the state of matter through Activity 1 and 2.
2.The students will be given the chance to demonstrate in Activity 2. 

Produced by: Shoaiba Mansoor



Lesson Flow
Steps
Teacher’s Activities
Students’ Activities
Remarks
Introductio n (05 Minutes)
The teacher will ask:
Q1. What happens to a solid when it is heated?

!Q2. What happens to water if you put it in the freezer?
The teacher will say:

Today we will learn about “Melting and Freezing”.
!Ans. 1a) The solid melts.
1b) Its temperature increases.

1c) It converts into a liquid.
Ans2. It freezes into Ice.

!The teacher will write the topic “Melting and Freezing” on the writing board.
Developme nt (25 Minutes)
Activity 1: Melting
The teacher will distribute some candle wax among the students.
!The teacher will ask:
Q1. What will happen to the wax if you heat it?

Q2. Can you explain why it melts?
Next, the teacher calls two students and asks them to put some wax into a beaker and heat it. The teacher asks the students to observe.

!Q3. What did you observed?
!Q4. Explain why it happened?
!The students may respond:
Ans1. The wax will melt.

!Ans2. When we heat the wax then due to high temperature, the wax melts.
The students perform the activity under the guidance and supervision of the teacher.
!Ans3. Wax melts on heating and after some time it is converted into a liquid.
!Ans4. On heating, due to high temperature the wax melts.
!The teacher explains: 'If we heat a solid and it changes into liquid then this process is called “Melting” and the temperature is called its “Melting Point”.
!The teacher will write the definition of “Melting” on the writing board.
“The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid is called its Melting Point”.



Activity 2: Freezing
The teacher asks the students to remove the spirit lamp and stop heating.
Q1. What will happen to the wax now?
!Q2. Can you explain the reason why liquid wax is converted into solid wax?
!Activity 3: Particle Model
(Role-play)
The teacher will call sixteen students and ask them to play the role of particles. First, the teacher will ask them to link their arms to form four rows.
Then the teacher will ask the students:
Q1. Can you change your position without leaving one another?

The teacher will tell the students:
‘Now in this form, you are just like particles in a solid.’ Then the teacher will ask them to shake themselves vigorously.

The teacher will tell the students: ‘When we heat a solid, the particles start moving more vigorously.
At the melting point, their strong linkage will become broken and the link of the particles changes from “arm
!Students follow teacher’s instructions.
!Ans1. The liquid wax will change into solid wax.
Ans2. When we cool some liquids then owing to low temperature (coldness) they change into solids.

!The students follow the teacher’s instructions and perform the activity.
!Ans1. Almost all the students may reply “No” The students play the role of the Melting Process according to the teacher’s instructions.
!
Solid State
Melt at Melting Point
!The teacher will write the definition of “Freezing” on the writing board.
“The temperature at which a liquid just starts converting into a solid state is called its “
Freezing Point”.
!See “Role-play Activity of Particle Motion” in “Making of Teaching/ Learning Material” of Unit 5.
!The teacher will give certain hints to the students to reach to some suitable conclusion.
!Liquid State !


Assignment (02 Minutes)
!
!

Q2. On the basis of this activity can you explain how the increase in temperature affects some solids?
!Q3. What happens to the particles of liquids when they are cooled?
Ans2. When we heat a solid, the particles of solids gain energy and increase their motion. They overcome the attractive force among themselves and move over one another resulting in change into liquid state.
!Ans3. On cooling, the particles of a liquid loose their energy and their movements slow down. The attractive forces among the particles become stronger. The particles become fixed and the liquid changes into a solid.
The teacher will facilitate the students by giving clues.

Summary (03 Minutes)
The teacher will summarize the lesson by asking the following questions:
Q1. What happens when a solid is heated?
!Q2. What happens to the particles of a liquid when it is being cooled?
!Q3. What have you learnt today?
!Students answers: Ans1. Its temperature increases and it starts melting.
!Ans2. The energy of its particles decreases and their movement slows down. The particles become fixed and a liquid freezes into solid state.
!Ans3. On heating, solids melt and on cooling, liquids freeze.
!The teacher writes the correct answers on the writing board.
The teacher will give homework to the students:
List some examples of “Melting” and “Freezing” from your daily life.

The students will do the task at home.
The teacher will access the assignment and give feedback to the students in the next class.


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